西天目山不同海拔高度蕨类植物资源调查与分析

The Investigation and Analysis of Pteridophyte Resources at Different Altitude in West Tianmu Mountain

为探明浙江西天目山不同海拔高度蕨类植物资源的分布状况,采用样方调查法对西天目山5个海拔高度路边、林下的蕨类植物群落进行调查和分析。结果表明:在5个海拔高度共调查到蕨类植物28种,隶属14科20属;在不同海拔高度蕨类植物种类存在明显的空间差别[1],不同生境样方中优势和弱势蕨类种类也不同。(1)海拔302.5 m处,路边、林下样地分别有蕨类11种、5种,江南卷柏(Selaginella moellendorffii Hieron)为优势种,紫萁(Osmunda japonica Thunb)、阔羽贯众(Cyrtomium yamamotoi Tagawa)、普通假毛蕨(Pseudocyclosorus subochthodes(Ching)Ching)为弱势种;(2)海拔476 m处,路边、林下样地分别有蕨类3种,裸叶鳞毛蕨(Dryopteris gymnophylla(Bak.)C.Chr)为优势种,阔羽贯众为弱势种;(3)海拔624.5m处,路边、林下样地分别有蕨类2种、5种,欧洲蕨(Pteridium aquilinum(L.)Kuhn)为优势种,芒萁(Dicranopteris dichotoma(Thunb.)Berhn)、蕨萁(Botrychium virginianum(L.)Sw)为弱势种;(4)海拔870 m处,路边、林下样地分别有蕨类2种、6种,中华金星蕨(Parathelypteris chinensis Ching ex Shing)为优势种,海金沙(Lygodium japonicum(Thunb.)Sw)为弱势种;(5)海拔1100 m处,路边、林下样地分别有蕨类5种,翠云草(Selaginella uncinata(Desv.)Spring)为优势种,紫萁、凤丫蕨(Coniogramme japonica(Thunb.)Diels)和鳞柄短肠蕨(Allantodia squamigera(Mett.)Ching)为弱势种。研究结果可为西天目山地区蕨类植物资源的保护、开发和利用提供有价值的信息。

In order to obtain information concerning the distribution of pteridophyte resources at different altitudes in West Tianmu Mountain,Pteridophytes were investigated and analyzed beside road and under forest at 5 altitudes in the West Tianmu Mountain by the method of quadrat survey.There were 28 species of pteridophytes,belonging to 14 families and 20 genera.The pteridophyte species distributed differentially in different altitudes,and there also existed different dominant species and vulnerable species in different habitats.①At 302.5 m altitude,there were 11 species beside road and 5 species under forest respectively.Selaginella moellendorffii Hieron were the dominant species,Osmunda japonica Thunb,Cyrtomium yamamotoi Tagawa and Pseudocyclosorus subochthodes（Ching） Ching were vulnerable species;②At 476 m altitude,there were 3 species beside road and 3 species under forest respectively.Dryopteris gymnophylla（Bak.） C.Chr was the dominant species,Cyrtomium yamamotoi Tagawa was vulnerable species;③ At624.5 m altitude,there were 2 species beside road and 5 species under forest respectively,Pteridium aquilinum（L.） Kuhn was dominant species,Dicranopteris dichotoma（Thunb.） Berhn and Botrychium virginianum（L.） Sw were vulnerable species;④ At870 m altitude,there were 2 species beside road and 6 species under forest respectively.Parathelypteris chinensis Ching ex Shing was the dominant species and Lygodium japonicum（Thunb.） Sw was vulnerable species.⑤At 1100 m altitude there were 5 species beside road and under forest respectively.Selaginella uncinata（Desv.） Spring was the dominant species,while Osmunda japonica Thunb,Coniogramme japonica（Thunb.） Diels and Allantodia squamigera（Mett.） Ching were vulnerable species.In all,the results will be helpful to protect and make good use of pteridophyte resources in Tianmu Mountain.