外泌体装载的微小RNA及其在肿瘤中的作用

Exosomal microRNAs and their roles in tumors

外泌体中含有多种脂质、蛋白质、微小RNA（miRNA）等成分，并能将其装载的物质运输至受体细胞而发挥生物学作用。外泌体装载的miRNA在肿瘤发生发展中发挥重要作用，与肿瘤的生长、转移、抗药性、免疫调节密切相关。外泌体及其装载的miRNA可以作为肿瘤转移和预后的参考指标，并为肿瘤的治疗提供新的靶点。

Exosomes contain many components including variety kinds of lipids, proteins, microRNAs （miRNAs） and so on. They can transport their loaded substances to the recipient cells and play a role of bio- logy. Exosomal miRNAs play important roles in the occurrence and development of tumors, and they are closely related to the tumor growth, metastasis, drug resistance and immune regulation. Exosomes and exosomal miRNAs can be served as reference indexes for tumor metastasis and prognosis, which provide new targets for tumor therapy.