1798例8月龄婴儿智能发育筛查结果分析

Intelligence development screening results of 1798 eight-month-old infants

目的了解北京市密云区婴幼儿智能发育情况和影响小儿智能发育的相关因素,为制定早发现发育迟缓儿童的管理措施提供依据。方法于2013年6月至2015年9月对密云区檀城社区8月龄婴儿用丹佛发育筛查测试(简称DDST)筛查,用婴幼儿发育检查法(Gesell量表)进行诊断。结果 1 798例8月龄儿童DDST筛查结果正常1 704例,占94.77%,筛查阳性小儿94例,占5.23%;其中发育迟缓小儿21例,发育迟缓检出率为11.68‰;高危儿DDST筛查阳性率和发育迟缓检出率均明显高于正常儿童,差异有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为13.83、24.31,均P<0.01);母亲学历在大专以下水平者其子女DDST筛查阳性率高于母亲学历在大专及以上者,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=9.42,P<0.01),母亲学历在大专以下水平者其子女发育迟缓检出率高于母亲学历在大专及以上者,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.32,P<0.05)。结论密云区婴幼儿发育迟缓检出率高;高危儿易发生发育迟缓,母亲受教育程度低的婴幼儿易发生发育迟缓,应加强密云区孕产期保健,减少高危儿数量、提高母亲受教育水平,降低发育迟缓率。

Objective To understand the infants＇ intelligence development situation and related influencing factors in Miyun District,so as to provide basis for the formulation of management measures regarding the early detection of infant developmental delay. Methods Denver developmental screening test（DDST） was conducted among infants of 8 months old in Tancheng community in Miyun District during June2013 and September 2015,and infants development test（Gesell scale） was used to diagnose results. Results Among 1 798 infants,there were 1 704 cases with normal DDST screening results（94. 77%） and 94 cases with positive results（5. 23%）. There were 21 cases of developmental delay,and the detection rate was 11. 68‰. The positive rate of DDST screening and the detection rate of developmental delay were remarkably higher in high-risk infants than in normal infants,and the differences were statistically significant（χ~2value was13. 83 and 24. 31,respectively,both P〈0. 01）. DDST screening positive rate and detection rate of developmental delay were higher in infants whose mothers had junior college degree or lower than in those whose mothers had higher degree（χ~2= 9. 42,P〈0. 01,χ~2= 4. 32,P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Detection rate of developmental delay is high in Miyun District. Developmental delay is closely correlated with high-risk infant and the low education level of mother. The perinatal care should be strengthened to reduce the number of high-risk infants,improve education level of mother and reduce developmental delay rate.