阻碍医务人员报告处理可疑儿童虐待案例的因素分析

A qualitative study on factors influencing of reporting potential child maltreat cases among health care workers

目的了解阻碍医务人员报告处理可疑儿童虐待案例的因素,为儿童虐待的进一步规范性管理提供依据。方法选取湖南、浙江、陕西、广东的妇幼保健院、儿童医院或综合医院的儿科、社区卫生服务中心和乡镇卫生院中的医务人员,采用定性研究方法,面对面进行个人深入访谈。结果阻碍医务人员报告处理可疑儿童虐待案例的因素分为四大主题:(1)管理方面:缺乏对儿童虐待的完善的管理机制;(2)能力方面:缺乏儿童虐待的相关知识和识别处理能力;(3)态度方面:不认可自己须进行儿童虐待案例的报告处理;(4)担忧方面:担忧报告对儿童、家庭、医务人员带来不良影响。结论《中华人民共和国反家庭暴力法》填补了儿童虐待管理机制的空白,但为促进医务人员对儿童虐待案例的报告处理,还需提高医务人员能力、打消其顾虑。

Objective To understand the factors that influence the reporting of potential child maltreat cases among health care workers, and to give some evidence for the management of child maltreat. Methods Health care workers in MCH hospitals, children＇s hospitals, community health care centers and township hospitals from Hunan, Zhejiang, Shanxi and Guangdong were selected, and personal in-depth interviews were conducted. Results The barriers to reporting suspected child abuse cases can be broadly classified into four groups： ① lack of complete management system of child abuse; ② lack of knowledge and recognition of child abuse ; ③attitudcs toward child abuse and reporting ; and ④concerns about the impact of reporting on the victims, families and/ or themselves. Conclusion The anti-family violence law of the People＇ s Republic of China stops a gap in management of child maltreat, however, the abilities of health care workers should he improved and the concerns should be dispelled in order to promote the reporting.