蛛网膜下腔出血患者认知障碍及抑郁的临床特点

Clinical characteristics of cognitive dysfunction and depression in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage

目的分析蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)患者认知障碍及抑郁的临床特点。方法连续纳入符合标准的SAH患者121例,发病2周及3个月时应用蒙特利尔认知评估量表(Mo CA)评价认知功能,应用汉密尔顿抑郁量表17项版(HAMD-17)评价抑郁状态。结果 121例SAH患者发病2周时认知障碍(或伴抑郁)患病率为55.4%,明显高于发病3个月时的37.2%(P<0.05)。发病2周及3个月时认知障碍均以注意力、语言流畅、抽象思维、延迟记忆等方面损害为主(均P<0.01)。结论 SAH患者发病2周时认知障碍(或伴抑郁)患病率高于发病3个月时;认知障碍以注意力、语言流畅、抽象思维、延迟记忆等方面损害为主。

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of cognitive dysfunction and depression in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage（SAH）. Methods One hundred and twenty one patients with SAH admitted from January 2014 to January 2016 were enrolled in the study. The cognitive status and depression were evaluated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment（Mo CA） and Hamilton Depression Scale 17 item version（HAMD-17） at 2 weeks and 3 months after SAH, respectively. Results Cognitive dysfunction and（or） depression occurred in 67 SAH patients（55.4%） at 2 weeks after SAH, which was higher than that at 3 months after SAH（37.2%, 45/121）, respectively（P〈0.05）. Cognitive dysfunction mainly manifested in memory, attention, language and abstraction（P〈0.01）. Conclusion The incidence of cognitive dysfunction and depression at 2 weeks after SAH is significant higher than that at 3 months after SAH. The cognitive dysfunction includes the disorders in memory, attention, language and abstraction.