污水排海口底泥厌氧氨氧化菌的富集培养与脱氮效果

Enrichment Culture and Removal of Nitrogen of Marine Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Bacteria from Sediment of Sea-based Waste Disposal Site

以污水排海口区域底泥作为接种污泥,采用厌氧序批式反应器(anaerobic sequencing batch reactor,ASBR),利用本地海水调配的模拟含氮污水(盐度约26,NH_4^+-N和NO_2^--N质量浓度均为70 mg·L-1)对沉积物中的厌氧氨氧化菌进行富集驯化培养。在pH值7.5~7.9和温度30℃条件下,经过55 d的富集驯化培养,成功启动了厌氧氨氧化反应器。该反应器运行70 d后达到稳定,对模拟污水中的NH_4^+-N和NO_2^--N的去除率均达到了98%以上。当模拟污水中的NH_4^+-N和NO_2^--N质量浓度提高到140 mg·L-1时,NH_4^+-N的平均去除率为74.7%,而NO_2^--N的平均去除率仍达到99.2%,此时二者的去除量之比为1∶1.33,非常接近厌氧氨氧化反应的理论化学计量关系。把ASBR运用于实际污水的脱氮处理时,其NH_4^+-N和NO_2^--N的平均去除率分别降为67.0%和85.1%。

The enrichment of marine anaerobic ammonium oxidation （ Anammox） bacteria was investiga-ted using sediment samples obtained from a sea-based waste disposal site. The cultivation was carried out using the simulated wastewater as culture medium at pH 7. 5 - 8. 9 and 30 ^ within an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor （ ASBR）. The enrichment of marine Anammox bacteria was obtained after 55 days cultivation, and the Anammox process got stable in ASBR after 70 days operation. The enrichment Anammox bacteria were used to treat the simulated saline wastewater of NH4＋ - N 70 m g- L -1,N02- - N 70 mg - L _1 and salinity 26. The removal efficiencies of NH4＋ - N and N0= - N were up to 98% . When the concentrations of NH＋ - N and N02_ - N increased to 140 mg - L ＂1, the average removal efficiency of NH4＋ - N was 74. 7 % and that of N02 - N was 99. 2% . The molar consumption ratio of ammonium to nitrite was 1： 1. 33, which was well con-sistent with the stoichiometric ratio for the Anammox reaction. Finally, the ASBR was used to treat the real wastewater, and the average removal efficiencies of NH4＋ - N and N02_ - N were 67. 0 % and 85. 1 % , respec-tively ,indicating that the reactor might be suitable for the treatment of high salinity wastewater.