体育场型应急避难场所功能布局与管理

Function Layout and Management of Stadium-type Emergency Shelter

通过实地调研、文献整理和CAD、GIS空间分析工具等方法,以广州市黄埔体育中心为例,从区位条件、功能优化和疏散路径3个方面探讨体育场型应急避难场所功能布局与管理。结果表明:(1)黄埔体育中心属于近郊型避难场所,周边人口较多,呈"四周包围型"的交通布局,但医疗、学校等其他设施相对不足;(2)重点分析了棚宿区和车宿区功能设计,其中5大棚宿区容量大、空间分布合理、功能互补,成为重要的避难生活区,车宿区较好地利用了停车场资源,紧靠避难出入口;(3)根据避难行为、避难空间和最优路径因子分析外部进入和内部疏散路径,通过外部进入路径人群和车流隔离分流、内部疏散以人群疏散优先等措施,提高了应急避难效率和有序性。最后总结了目前体育场型应急避难场所规划存在的问题并提出相关建议。

This paper takes Guangzhou Huangpu Sports Center as an example to discuss the function layout and management of the stadium - based emergency shelter from the aspects of location condition, function optimization and evacuation path, by means of field investigation, document collation, CAD and GIS spatial analysis tools. The results show that ： （1 ） Huangpu Sports Center is a suburban shelter, surrounded by a large population, surrounded by the surrounding traffic conditions, but medical, schools and other facilities are relatively inadequate; （ 2 ） the functional design of gable and residential area is analyzed, five large - scale residential areas with large capacity, reasonable spatial distribution and functional complementation have become im-portant refuge living areas. The car park area has better utilization of the existing parking lot resources, close to evacuation en-trances and exits; （3 ） according to the evacuation behavior, the evacuation space and the optimal path factor analysis external access and internal evacuation routes, through the external access path crowd and vehicle flow isolation shunt, internal evacuation to evacuation priority and other measures can improve the emergency evacuation rate and order. Finally, it summarized the exist-ing problems of stadium - based emergency shelter planning and put forward relevant suggestions.