典型地质条件下采动覆岩变形破坏规律的试验研究

Experimental Study on the Deformation and Failure Law of Overburden Rock under the Typical Geological Conditions

为了研究典型地质条件下厚煤层采动过程中的覆岩运移规律和顶板破断机理,以某矿16223典型地质工作面的厚煤层开采为工程背景,基于相似原理和量纲分析理论,运用相似模型试验系统分析工作面采动期间的顶板破断过程、垮落形态、覆岩变形特征及应力演化规律。研究表明:采动覆岩具有初始破坏的突发性、中期破坏的阶段性和后期破坏的延展性特征,裂隙发育和贯通过程呈现方向性和区间性特点,覆岩的失稳变形表现出非线性和不连续性,顶板应力在岩层活动的不同时期存在明显的应力分区和不均匀特性。研究结论可为典型地质条件下的煤层开采技术研发和岩层控制措施制定提供借鉴和参考。

In order to study the law of overlying strata movement and roof breaking mechanism in mining process of thick coal seam under typical geological conditions, taking the thick coal seam mining in 16223 working face of one coal mine under typical geological conditions as the engineering background, based on similarity theory and dimensional analysis theory, similarity model test was used to study roof breaking process and collapse shape,the deformation characteristics of overburden and stress evolution-ary law in mining process of working face. The research shows that in the thick coal seam, the overlying strata of the coal bed have the characteristics of burst of initial failure, the stage of medium damage and extension of late damage. The fracture develop-ment and the process of penetrating are presented with the characteristics of orientation and interval. The instability of the overly-ing rock shows nonlinear and discontinuous deformation. Roof stress has obvious stress zoning and uneven characteristics in differ-ent periods of rock activity. The research conclusions can provide reference for developing coal seam mining technology and con-stituting formation control measures under typical geological conditions.