跨界河流空间信息服务模型研究:以湄公河为例

Research on Geospatial Information Service Model to Trans-boundary Rivers-a Case to Mekong River

当前流域各国在开发利用跨界河流水资源时,往往存在资源需求不同、开发过程相互独立等问题,容易导致资源浪费,引发国际争端。为更好实现流域管理的可持续发展,以湄公河为例,针对流域基础信息、工程建设、资源利用、争端事件等关键问题,分别从数字化服务对象、数字化监测因素、数字化服务体系、关键技术支撑4个层次构建湄公河空间信息服务模型,为跨界河流的空间信息化管理提供有益指导。最后,提出了跨界河流数字化监测将面对的挑战,指明了跨界流域的特殊性和管理的复杂性。

When watershed countries develop and utilize cross - border river water resources, there are lots of problems, such as different resource requirements, the development process independent of each other, these problems can lead to waste re-sources ,triggering an international dispute. In order to realize the sustainable development of watershed management, this paper takes the Mekong River as an example, constructs the Mekong spatial information service model from four aspects： the digital service object, the digital monitoring factor, the digital service system and the key technology support. The Mekong river spatial information service model is built, it provides useful guidance for the spatial informatization management of transboundary rivers. Finally, it presents the challenge of cross - border river digital monitoring, and points out the particularity of the transboundary watershed and the complexity of management.