元代牙人负面形象及其成因探析

The Brokers' Negative Images and Causes in the Yuan Dynasty

牙人是中国古代商品流通领域中为买卖双方说合交易的职业经纪人。元人文集对牙人群体的道德批判与俗文学、《朴通事》对牙人具体形象的刻画共同建构了牙人生活奢侈、钻营图利、与官吏相勾结、贪婪狡诈、坑蒙拐骗的负面形象,两种文本相互影响,最终使得牙人边缘化。牙人负面形象的成因除了与牙人制度的弊端有关之外,也与士人和市民阶层各自的阶级立场有关。

The brokers are professional agents to bring two sides together in transactions. Literature, formal or informal, refined or popular, in the Yuan Dynasty expresses moral criticism. The brokers are giv-en a picture of luxury, greed, deceit, swindle and tacit collision with officials. So, the broker group were marginalized. The negative images of the brokers are not only related to the broker system, but also to the class position of scholars and citizen.