台湾地区太鲁阁国家公园与原住民关系协调机制研究

Research on Relationship Coordination Mechanism Between Taroko National Park and Indigenous People in Taiwan

国家公园与原住民的关系协调机制一直是影响国家公园建设的重要因素。文中以台湾地区太鲁阁国家公园为例,分析了太鲁阁国家公园与原住民之间的矛盾点,将协调机制分为调研·咨询·缓和、接纳·协商·帮助、参与·尊重·共赢3个阶段进行论述,认为解决原住民矛盾的关键在于与之构建伙伴关系,形成双向沟通机制,达成共同治理。该过程的实质是实现对不同文化与土地伦理的尊重,借助双方文化体系下的智慧共同解决问题。并指出在未来中国可建立原住民生活对自然干扰度的评估机制,有选择地在园区内保留原住民传统生活模式,实现国家公园内自然资源与文化资源的全面保护。

The coordination mechanism between national parks and indigenous peoples has always been an important factor affecting the construction of these parks. This paper took the Taroko National Park as an example to analyze the contradictions between Taiwan Taroko National Park and indigenous peoples. The coordination mechanism process was divided into three stages in the analysis, i. e., investigation-consultation-ease-up, acceptance-deliberationassistance,and participation-respect-win-win. It was argued that the key to resolving the contradictions with indigenous peoples is to build partnerships with them and achieve the co-management with the two-way communication mechanism. The process is in essence to realize the respect for varies cultures and land ethics and seek the solution to problems with the wisdom generated from the both culture systems. It was also pointed out that China could establish the evaluation mechanism for the indigenous peoples’ interventions of the nature in the future for selectively keeping the traditional living pattern of indigenous peoples and achieving the full protection of nature and culture resources in national parks.