齿轮箱振动信号的三维频谱分析

Three-dimensional Spectrum Analysis for Vibration Signal of Gear Box

齿轮箱故障的诊断与分析需要进行频谱分析。基于二维频谱,增加信号长度变量,导出由频率、信号长度和幅值组成的三维频谱;利用千鹏振动实验台采集振动信号,利用MATLAB编程软件建立信号分析平台,通过三维频谱判断故障类型。正常齿轮频谱呈现规律性,啮合频率与其整数倍频率处的幅值总体变小;断齿齿轮频谱杂乱,在啮合频率与其整数倍频率处幅值均较高;磨损齿轮频谱边频带较多,且在小于啮合频率处存在明显的谐波成分。利用三维频谱诊断齿轮箱振动故障准确,在非接触式故障分析中意义重大。

A three-dimensional spectrum analysis method is proposed for vibration signals of gear box. Based on the definition of two-dimensional spectrum, the parameter of signal length is complemented, and the three-dimensional spectrum with frequency, signal length and amplitude is derived. The vibration signal is collected by the Qianpeng vibration experimental platform, and the signal analysis platform is established using MATLAB. The fault type is judged by the three-dimensional spectrum. The spectrum of normal gear is with regularity, and its amplitude of gear meshing frequency and corresponding integer frequency has the overall trend of decrease; the spectrum of teeth broken gear shows disorder, and its a m p l i t u d e o f g e a r m e s h i n g f r e q u e n c y a n d c o r r e s p o n d i n g i n t e g e r f r e q u e n c y a r e h i g h; t h e s p e c t r u m o f worn gear has more side bands, and there are obvious harmonic components in less than the gear meshing frequency. The diagnosis of gear box vibration fault signal is accurate, which is of great significance in non-contact fault analysis.