青稞粮草双高新品种藏青27的选育与栽培技术

Breeding and Cultivation Techniques of the New Hulless Barley Variety Zangqing 27 with High Yields of Grain and Straw

选育粮草双高型青稞新品种,既是西藏自治区粮食安全保障的要求,也是种植区农户种养结构改善的需要。藏青27以中晚熟高秆大粒丰产型新品种藏青320为母本,用中熟中秆大穗多粒的美国大麦品种做父本杂交,1987年形成杂交组合,2016年通过西藏自治区作物品种审定后推广。该品种在西藏全区多点生产比较示范中,平均产量为326.7 kg/667 m^2,比对照喜拉19号增产15.8%,丰产性较好。本文从选育过程、不同海拔种植地的播种期、播种管理、栽培等方面进行了阐述,以期为该品种的大面积推广提供参考。

Breeding new hulless barley varieties with a high yield in both grain and straw is of the utmost importance for ensuring the security of hulless barley production and meeting the demand of Tibetan peasants for high rations and forage.The new hulless barley variety Zangqing 27 was generated by crossing Zangqing 320 as the maternal parent with an American barley variety as the paternal parent.Zangqing 320 is a medium-late maturing variety with a high-yielding ability,high straws,and a large number of grains;and the American barley variety has large panicles and a large number of grains.The breeding of Zangqing 27 started in 1987 in which the crossing of the two parental varieties was conducted.Zangqing 27 was finally certified by Cultivar Registration Committee of Tibet Autonomous Region in 2016.Zangqing 27 was planted at several sites in Tibet for comparative demonstration production,achieving the average yield of 326.7 kg/667 m^2,which was 15.8% higher than the control variety Xila 19,demonstrating that it has a high-yielding ability.In addition to describing the breeding process of Zangqing 27,this paper also depicts its cultivation techniques including sowing time,field management,and planting method.Thus,this paper provides a reference for promoting the new barely variety Zangqing 27.