569例呼吸道感染住院儿童7种常见呼吸道病毒病原学分析

Pathogenic analysis of 7 common respiratory viruses in 569 hospitalized children with respiratory tract infections

目的了解呼吸道感染住院患儿呼吸道病毒的分布情况。方法选取2015年7月至2016年6月呼吸道感染的住院患儿病例,抽取鼻咽分泌物,采用直接免疫荧光法检测常见的7种病毒,即呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、甲型流感病毒(IVA)、乙型流感病毒(IVB)、副流感病毒1型(PIV1)、副流感病毒2型(PIV2)、副流感病毒3型(PIV3)、腺病毒(IVD)。结果共有569例样本送检,193例病毒检测阳性(33.92%),其中有3例为2种病毒的混合感染。男性共369例,女性共200例。其中RSV、PIV3、ADV的感染率居前三位。呼吸道病毒的感染率随着患儿年龄的增长逐渐下降,除新生儿外,6个月内的婴幼儿呼吸道病毒检出率最高。RSV检测阳性率自11月开始呈增高趋势,12月最高,达55.86%。PIV3的检出高峰出现在7月,达13.64%。结论 RSV是本地区儿童呼吸道感染最常见的病毒。呼吸道病毒的检出率与年龄、季节等因素有关。

Objective To investigate the distribution of respiratory viruses in hospitalized children with respiratory tract infections. Methods A total of 569 patients suffered from respiratory tract infections from July 2015 to June 2016 were enrolled in the study. 7 common respiratory viruses in their nasopharyngeal swabs were detected by using direct immunofluorescence assay. Results Of the total 569 samples, 193 ones were virus positive （33.92%）. Among them 3 positive cases were double viral infections. RSV, PIV3 and ADV were the top three pathogens of the infections. The rates of respiratory viral infections gradually dropped with the increase of age in children. The highest detection rate of the viruses was seen among the children within 6 months old, except newborns. The positive rate of RSV increased gradually from November and reached the peak value （55.86%） in December. The positive rate of PIV3 was the highest in July （13.64%）. Conclusion RSV was the main viral pathogen among 7 common respiratory viruses. The distribution of viruses in children with respiratory tract infections varies with age and season. RSV and PIV3 are closely related to wheeze. IVB is the main pathogen causing upper respiratory infections.