早期使用抗生素对小儿肠道微生态及生长发育的影响

Influence of early-life pulsed antibiotic treatment on gut microbiome and growth of infants

肠道微生态与人体健康关系密切,婴儿期是肠道菌群定植成熟的关键时期,直接影响人体免疫系统的发育成熟,2岁之前肠道微生态失调导致的免疫功能缺陷将影响孩子终身。抗生素在我国存在过度使用现象,在婴儿及儿童中尤为严重。过度使用抗生素不仅存在多种副作用,导致细菌耐药性,还从多个方面破坏肠道微生态平衡,进而影响孩子的生长发育,并与远期多种疾病发生相关。因此,2岁之前的小儿应谨慎使用抗生素。

Human health is closely related with the gut microecology, and infancy is the critical period of gut microbiome colonization. Gut microecology directly affects the development and maturity of human immune system. Immune deficiency caused by micro-dysbiosis before two years old can affect a child’s whole life. Antibiotics have been excessively used in our country, particularly in infants and children. The overuse of antibiotics not only has a variety of side effects and leads to bacterial resistance, but also destroys the balance of gut microecology from a number of aspects. As a result, the growth and development of children are affected. Furthermore, overuse of antibiotics has long-term correlation with the occurrence of various of diseases. Therefore, antibiotics should be used cautiously in children before the age of two.