中国离岸外包和在岸外包的核算研究

Research on Measurement of Chinese Offshore Outsourcing Rate and Onshore Outsourcing Rate

研究目标:本文针对现有关于外包的研究主要集中在离岸外包,缺乏对在岸外包的定量研究的不足,测度我国的在岸外包。研究方法:基于FH指数,将离岸外包的核算方法扩展到在岸外包。研究发现:2014年我国30个省份在岸外包均值为17.1748,离岸外包的均值为0.8252;在岸外包远高于离岸外包,前者是后者的20.81倍。农业的离岸外包为0.0466,工业的离岸外包为0.5132,服务业的离岸外包为0.2653;农业的在岸外包为1.2920,工业的在岸外包为11.3194,服务业的在岸外包为4.563。工业部门是外包活动的主导部门,工业是一个"自生增长"的行业,外包主要集中本行业;服务业是一个"外向增长"的行业,外包主要发往其他行业。从地区上看,上海的离岸外包为3.5202,远高于其他省份。贵州的在岸外包为17.9341,位列第一。离岸外包主要集中在东部沿海地区,在岸外包主要在中西部地区。研究创新:提出了在岸外包的计算方法,并测度了我国的离岸外包和在岸外包。研究价值:拓展了外包的研究领域,为在岸外包的研究提供了数据支持。

Research Objectives： Measuring China＇s onshore and offshore outsourcing rate. Research Methods： Based on the FH index, the offshore outsourcing accounting method is extended to the onshore outsourcing. Research Findings： Firstly, in 2014, the average onshore outsourc- ing rate in China＇s 30 provinces was 17. 1748, while the average value of offshore outsourcing rate was 0. 8252. Onshore outsourcing rate is much higher than offshore outsourcing rate, and the former one is 20.81 times as high as the latter one. Secondly, from perspective of different sectors, offshore outsourcing rate of agriculture, manufacturing and service is 0. 0466, 0. 5132 and 0. 2653 respectively~ on the other hand, onshore outsourcing rates of the three sectors are 1. 292, 11. 3194 and 4. 5633 respectively. Therefore, the industrial sector is the leading sector of outsourcing activities. Manufacturing industry is a ＂self growth＂ sec- tor, which is outsourcing in the industry itself. In addition, service industry is an ＂outward growth＂ sector, while outsourcing focus mainly on other industries. Thirdly, from the re- gional part, Shanghai＇s offshore outsourcing rate is 3. 5202, which is much higher than other provinces. Guangdong＇s offshore outsourcing rate is 2. 3154, ranking second. Guizhou＇s on- shore outsourcing rate is 17. 9341, which is ranking first, and Hunan＇s rate is in the second place. Research Innovations： In this paper, the author puts forward the calculation method of onshore outsourcing, and estimates China＇s offshore outsourcing. Research Value： Expan- ding the research field of outsourcing, and providing data support for the research of onshore outsourcing.