美国政治文化的当代转型

Contemporary Transition of American Political Culture

冷战结束后不到30年的时间里,美国经历了从"历史的终结"到"恐惧合众国"的大起大落。这对美国政治文化造成了重大冲击,推动美国政治逐渐从传统的共识建构型向极端对抗型转变,并明显体现在政治价值观、政治制度和政治行为等三个方面。美国政治文化当代转型使美国政治制度僵化、社会形态碎片化等对政治文化的影响被进一步放大。美国面临着发展轨迹的逆转,导致其政治文化转型以及内政外交充满不确定性。

Within 30 years after the end of the Cold War,the people in the U.S. has experienced a drastic swing from exciting 'end of history ' to annoying'Republic of Fear.'America is undergoing a historic transition,which greatly affects American political culture,moving it from traditional consensus building to extremist confrontation. Such changes are reflected in all three dimensions of political culture,namely,political value,political institution and political behaviour. Current wave of transition of American political culture further amplifies the impacts of US institutional rigidity and social fragmentation on the culture itself. Considering the fact that the U. S.is facing a reversion of American development trajectory,there are huge uncertainties both in the transition of American political culture and in American domestic and foreign policies.