有向异构无线传感器网络节点覆盖率优化算法

Node coverage optimization algorithm in directional heterogeneous wireless sensor network

针对有向异构节点部署存在覆盖漏洞多、局部部署不均匀等问题,提出一种有向异构传感器网络目标路径覆盖的精确部署算法(DHPSA)。自主部署过程分为两个阶段:首先,节点在邻居节点的虚拟作用力和指定路径虚拟引力的合力作用下实时选择最优路线部署到目标路径;然后,节点在邻居节点的组合虚拟力作用下通过自主旋转和自主移动实现位置的微调,继而实现对目标路径的精确覆盖。通过仿真实验对比分析,所提算法比基于虚拟力的精确部署算法(VFPSA)在覆盖率方面提高约4.4%、重叠率方面下降约3.4%,移动距离方面减少约2.1%及部署时间减少约4.3%。仿真实验结果表明该部署算法更能有效地增大覆盖率,减小重叠率,降低能耗。

Concerning covering loopholes and uneven local deployment, a Directional and Heterogeneous Precision Selfdeployment Algorithm （DHPSA） was proposed. Autonomous deployment process was divided into two stages. Firstly, a node moved to the destination path by choosing the optimal route in real-time under virtual forces of neighbor node and specified path. Then, through autonomous rotation and autonomous moving, the location of the node was finely tuned under joint virtual force of neighbor nodes and the accurate coverage of the target path was realized finally. The contrast experiments show that, compared with the VFPSA （Virtual Force-based Precision Self-deployment Algorithm）, the coverage rate of the proposed algorithm is increased by about 4.4 percent, the overlapping rate is decreased by about 3.4 percent, moving distance is reduced by about 2.1 percent and deployment time is reduced by about 4.3 percent. The simulation experiment results show that the proposed deployment algorithm can effectively increase the coverage rate, decrease the overlap rate and reduce energy consumption.