垂枝红千层叶化学成分的研究

Chemical Constituents from the Leaves of Callistemon viminalis

本实验研究了垂枝红千层(Callistemon viminalis)叶化学成分及其杀虫活性。采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、反相C18柱色谱分离化合物,通过波谱技术分析确定所得化合物的结构。采用饲料载毒法对垂枝红千层中含量较高的化合物2、4、10进行了甜菜夜蛾的杀虫活性初筛。从垂枝红千层叶体积分数95%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部分离得到13个化合物,分别鉴定为3,3',4'-三甲氧基鞣花酸(1)、槲皮素(2)、5,4'-二羟基-7-甲氧基-6,8-二甲基黄酮(3)、山奈酚(4)、5-羟基-7,4'-二甲氧基-6-甲基黄酮(5)、杜鹃素(6)、没食子酸甲酯(7)、原儿茶酸(8)、没食子酸(9)、2,6-二羟基-4-甲氧基异戊烯基间苯三酚(10)、vimifoliol(11)、丁二酸(12)及白桦酸(13)。化合物1~9、11、12均为首次从该植物中分离得到。杀虫活性研究表明间苯三酚类化合物10具有较强的杀甜菜夜蛾活性,其活性接近阳性对照药鱼藤酮,值得进一步深入的研究。

To investigate the chemical constituents and their insecticidal activities from the leaves of Callistemon vimina- lis. The constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatog- raphy as well as C1s reversed phase column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. The insecticidal activity of isolated compounds was evaluated by stomach toxicity method. Thirteen compounds were iso- lated from ethyl acetate fraction of volume fraction 95% ethanolic extract from the leaves of Callistemon viminalis. Their structures were identified as 3,3＇ ,4＇-tri-O-methylellagic acid （ 1 ）, quercetin （2）, sideroxylin （ 3 ）, kaempferol （ 4 ）, 5- hydroxy-7,4＇-dimethoxy-6-methylflavone （ 5 ）, farrerol （ 6 ）, methyl gallate （ 7 ）, protocatechuic acid （ 8 ） , gallic acid （9） ,2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyisovalerophenone （ 10）, vimifoliol （ 11 ）, succinic acid （ 12 ） and betulinic acid （ 13 ）. Compounds 1-9,11,12 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Compound 10 was showed potent insecticidal activ- ity against Spodoptera exigua.