耕地轮作休耕及其生态补偿制度构建

Establishing System of Ecological Compensation for Farmland Rotation

耕地轮作休耕是生态文明与农业可持续发展理念的重要体现,有益于藏粮于地、藏粮于技战略的实现及农业供给侧结构性改革的推进。耕地轮作休耕是提升和优化生态利益的方式之一,生态补偿是实现轮作休耕的重要途径和手段,能平衡不同主体、不同区域间生态利益与资源利益的冲突,实现公平正义。耕地轮作休耕生态补偿的主体是轮作休耕各环节的相关利益群体,主要有中央政府、地方政府、市民和农户等,补偿标准的确定应兼顾效率与公平,采用机会丧失成本法,并体现动态化和差异性,补偿模式宜采用政府补偿为主市场补偿为辅,多渠道筹措补偿资金来源。

Farmland rotation is an important embodiment of ecological civilization and sustainable of agriculture, which is helpful in realizing the strategy of storing grain in land and by technology, and development is beneficial to the structural reform of agricultural supply side. Farmland rotation is one of the endeavors to upgrade and opti- mize ecological benefits, while ecological compensation is an important way to realize rotation, which could balance the conflicts of ecological interests ant[ resource interests among different subjects and in different region and can al- so realize fairness and justice. Considering the main body of the compensation for farmland rotation is the relevant interest groups of all aspects of farmland rotation, such as the central government, local government, citizens and farmers etc. , the paper concludes that the method of opportunity cost should be adopted by reflecting its dynamics and differentiation. The compensation model should be market based, supplemented by government compensation and supported by the construction of multi - channel compensation funding source.