中介性与他异性——对胡塞尔他者构造理论的一项检讨

Mediacy and Alterity——An Examination of Husserl's Constitutional Theory of the Other

自我认知他者的过程是直接的,还是依赖于某个中介,这一问题构成了他者理论的一个核心问题。胡塞尔在其经典的他者构造理论中预设了两种中介性:"以自我为中介"以及"以世界为中介"。托尼森等人认为胡塞尔的这两种中介性均面临着无法回避的难题。本文检讨了托尼森对胡塞尔的批评,澄清了以自我为中介和以世界为中介分别导致的不同难题,在此基础上区分了对中介性概念的强解读和弱解读,并就后者辩护了胡塞尔他者理论的认识论路线。

One core question of a theory of the Other consists in whether the process of one knowing the Other is immediate or relies on some sort of medium. Husserl's constitutional theory of the Other presupposes two sorts of mediacy,one is the mediacy of the self and the other the mediacy of the world. Critics such as Theunissen argue that both sorts of mediacy in Husserl inevitably face fundamental problems. This paper examines Theunissen's critique of Husserl and clarifies what the problems generated thereby are. On this basis,the paper distinguishes between 'strong reading ' and 'weak reading ' of the concept of mediacy in Husserl and provides a modest defense of Husserl's epistemological approach to the Other in light of the latter reading.