基于社会网络分析的高校二级学院权力研究

On the Power of Colleges Based on Social Network Analysis

学院制是我国高等学校普遍采取的管理模式。在不断推进的大学治理实践中,学院治理作为大学内部治理的核心内容和重要环节,对于大学实现"基层变革"具有重要意义。学院治理的核心是权力结构,因而二级学院权力研究对于大学治理的完善具有重要意义。通过问卷调查,利用社会网络分析的方法对不同类型高等学校学院权力的结构、运行状态进行实证分析,结果表明不同类型高等学校的学院权力的结构、运行状态差别不大,呈现"趋同性";权力在高等学校中具有明显的集中性;除了博士、硕士学位授予权高校以外,"底部沉重"的特性在多数高等学校中的表现并不明显,学院缺乏应有的权力。推进学院治理要进一步理顺校院权责关系,稳步放权给院系,立足校情,建立顺畅的信息沟通渠道。

Collegiate system is a common management model taken by Chinese universities. As a core element and important link of the internal governance of universities,college governance is of great significance to universities＇ realization of the grass-roots level reformation in the practice of advancing universities＇ governance.Because power structure of colleges is the core of college governance,therefore,the study on the power function of colleges is very important for achieving universities＇ governance. Through a questionnaire survey,this paper makes an empirical analysis of colleges＇ power construction and running status of different types universities based on the method of social network analysis. It turns out that there is a little difference in the power＇s construction and running status in different universities,and convergence appears;power features obviously on concentricity in universities;besides the universityies which can award Doctor＇s degree or Master＇s degree,the＂bottom-heavy＂feature is not notable in most universities,and it means that colleges are lack of necessary powers. Therefore,we should further disentangle the power and responsibilities of universities and colleges,delegate powers to lower levels steadily,and smooth ways of information communication also should be established in order to carry forward the colleges governance.