发展历程、武器装备、作战体系:抗战后期国民党军中的美械部队

Development Process,Armament and Combat System: The Troops with the US Armament in the Kuomintang Army in the Late Period of China 's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression

太平洋战争爆发后,中、美全面军事合作开始。1942年在兰姆伽全盘接收美械的驻印军和1943年陆续接收部分美械的远征军是最早的两支美械部队;军政部于1945年颁布了卅四年甲种编制,并按照此编制将国内的六个军换装美械。时刻变动着的美国因素,影响着驻印军、远征军、卅四年甲种军各自的发展轨迹。三支美械部队编制各异,装备美械的数量、质量也有不同,美械所占的比重差距明显,导致它们之间的作战能力存在着区别。美械部队的作战能力同时还源于美方带来的作战体系。官兵所受到的良好训练、相对可靠的后方勤务和陆上、空中的火力支援,也是影响其战斗力得以发挥的重要因素。

After the outbreak of the Pacific War,China and the USA started comprehensive military cooperation. The early two troops with the US armament were the Chinese Army in India completely received the US armament in 1942 in Inia's Ramgarh and the Expeditionary Force partially received the US armament in 1943. In 1945 the Ministry of Military Administration issued A establishment of 1945 and armed six Armies in China with the US armament according to the establishment. The changing American factors affected the development tracks of the Chinese Army in India, the Expeditionary Force and the six A Armies. Because the three troops with the US armament had different establishments,and the quantity,quality and ratio of the US armament were also different,therefore their operational capabilities were different. Their operational capabilities also originated from the operational systems introduced by Americans. Good training,relatively reliable logistics,fire supports from land and air were also important factors to ensure them to give full play to fighting capacities.