聋人大学生体育锻炼、身体自尊和抑郁的关系

On the Relationship Between Hearing-Impaired College Students' Physical Exercise,Body-Esteem and Depression

为了探讨聋人大学生体育锻炼、身体自尊和抑郁之间的关系,本研究采用体育活动等级量表、身体自我价值感量表和流调用抑郁自评量表对340名聋人大学生进行集体施测。结果显示:(1)聋人大学生小锻炼量(锻炼不足)者、中等锻炼量者和大锻炼量者分别占总人数的58.4%、24.0%和17.5%;(2)聋人大学生有、肯定有和有严重抑郁症状的检出率分别为62.7%、47.7%和17.9%;(3)男性聋人大学生体育锻炼得分显著高于女性聋人大学生,大一聋人大学生身体自尊得分显著低于大二聋人大学生,后天残疾聋人大学生抑郁得分显著低于先天残疾聋人大学生,家庭所在地为城市的聋人大学生抑郁得分显著低于在农村和县城的聋人大学生;(4)体育锻炼和身体自尊显著正相关,抑郁分别与体育锻炼和身体自尊显著负相关;(5)身体自尊在体育锻炼和抑郁间起部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的31%。可以通过体育锻炼来提高聋人大学生的身体自尊,降低抑郁情绪。

This study aims to explore the relationship between hearing-impaired college students＇ physical exercise, body-esteem and depression, by using the Physical Activity Rank Scale, the Physical Self-Worth Scale, and the Center for Epidemiological Survey Depression Scale to test 340 hearing-impaired college students. The results show the following： （1） The students with a small, medium and large amount of physical exercise accounted for 58.4%, 24.0%, and 17.5%, respectively; （2） the students with the symptoms of depression, absolute depression, and severe depression accounted for 62.7%, 47.7.0%, and 17.9%, respectively; （3） the boy students scored significantly higher in physical exercise than the girl students; the first-year students scored significantly lower in body-esteem than the second-year students; the students with acquired disabilities scored significantly lower in depression than those with congenital disabilities; the students whose homeplace lies in a city scored significantly lower in depression than those whose homeplace lies in the countryside or in a county; （4） there were significantly positive correlations between the students＇ physical exercise and their body-esteem, and significantly negative correlations between their depression and their physical exercise or body-esteem; and （5） their body-esteem partially mediated between their physical exercise and their depression. The study concludes that physical exercise can help hearing-impaired college students improve their body-esteem and reduce their depression.