流动儿童心理韧性对主观幸福感的影响:社会认同的中介作用

The Effect of Migrant Children's Resilience on Their Subject Well-Being:The Mediating Effect of Social Identity

为了探讨提升流动儿童主观幸福感的内在机制,本研究采用心理韧性量表、流动儿童社会认同量表、主观幸福感量表对北京市842名3-6年级的流动儿童进行调查,通过方差分析、相关及结构方程模型等统计方法探析流动儿童心理韧性、社会认同及主观幸福感之间的关系。研究发现:(1)流动儿童主观幸福感在不同性别、不同学校类型、年级上均存在显著差异,且公立学校、女生、低年级流动儿童的主观幸福感水平更高;(2)流动儿童老家总认同和城市总认同在心理韧性对主观幸福感的影响上起中介作用,依据拒绝认同理论,流动儿童通过拒绝城市总认同、提高老家总认同,进而提升他们的主观幸福感。

This study aims to probe into the intemal mechanism for the promotion of migrant children＇s subject well-being, as well as the relationship between their resilience, social identity and subject well-being, by using scales and questionnaires to test 842 migrant children in grades 3-6 in Beijing, based on such statistical methods as variance analysis, correlation analysis, and the structural equation model. The results show the following： （1） The migrant children＇s subject well-being showed a significant difference due to their gender, school types, and academic years, and among them, those from public schools, the girls, and the low-age group showed a higher level of subject well-being; and （2） the general identity by the migrant children＇s hometown and the city where they live mediated between their resilience and their subject well-being; according to the theory of identity denial, the migrant children, by means of denying the general identity from the city and improving the general identity from their hometown, improved their subject well-being.