机采血小板低钙反应的预防及处理

Prevention and treatment of plateletapheresis low-calcium response

目的:通过统计分析不同献血者捐献机采血小板低钙反应发生率的差异,对高危群体进行积极的预防及处理。方法:对大连血液中心2015-01-12月机采血小板8 542人次进行回顾性分析,根据性别、献血次数及捐献量不同,分成3组进行χ~2检验。结果:3组数据经χ~2检验比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对于女性,初次,捐献2个治疗量献血者更易出现低钙反应,采血前做好充分的宣教工作,并口服葡萄糖酸钙口服溶液,采血中使用加热毯,覆盖穿刺手臂,可预防及减少低钙反应的发生。

Objective：To statistically analyze the incidence of plateletapheresis low-calcium response in different donor groups, and prevent and treat the low-calcium response in high-risk groups. Method： We retrospectively re- viewed the 8 542 plateletapheresis cases in Dalian blood center from Jan 2015 to Dec 2015. Result： There were 93 cases of low-calcium response（1.09%） in total 8 542 plateletapheresis cases; 65 cases of low-calcium response （2.67%） in 2 432 female cases, 28 cases of low-calcium response（0.46%） in 6 110 male cases; 16 cases of lowcalcium response（7. 33%） in 218 first-time cases, 77 cases of low-calcium response（0.93%） in 8 324 many-times eases; 59 cases of low-calcium response（2.23%） in 2 762 cases with donated 2 Units platelets; 34 cases of lowcalcium response（0.59%） in 5 780 cases with donated 1 Unit platelets. Conclusion： For female, first-time blood donors, donated 2 Units donors were more vulnerable to low-calcium response. We should perform propaganda before blood donation, give Calcium Gluconate oral solution, and use the heating blanket to cover blood collection arm, in order to prevent and reduce the incidence of low-calcium response.