上海LED产业空间集聚的计量分析

The Quantitative Analysis of LED Industry Spatial Agglomeration in Shanghai

LED产业是21世纪具有重要前景的高新技术产业。为此,文章以区为基本研究单元来探索上海市LED产业规模发展水平的空间格局,利用变异系数、艾肯森指数以及空间自相关分析等空间统计学方法对上海2006-2015年近10年的16个区(除崇明区)的LED产业进行了动态差异分析,并以此为基础运用ArcGIS和GeoDa095i软件对上海LED产业的空间集聚状况以及空间特征进行了分析,得出了上海LED产业空间分布格局的形成机制和空间演变特征。结果表明:上海LED产业规模呈现出比较显著的空间集聚现象,具有明显的空间依赖性;2006年以后上海LED产业布局先出现高—低集聚与低—高集聚的趋势趋于分散,到2013年以后集聚的趋势得到了加强,空间自相关的聚集趋势也越来越明显,呈现出显著的空间异质性且"L-L"、"H-L"、"L-H"紧密分布在"H-H"空间关联区周围,LED区域产业规模增长的空间差异逐渐显著;LED产业空间集聚呈现出极核—分散式发展分布格局;主要的形成机制因素是政府的政策向导作用,上海科研院所和高等院校的技术保障以及横向相关产业的协同带动作用。

LED industry is a strategic high-tech industry with an important prospect in the 21st century. Therefore, the paper takes the district as the basic research unit to explore the spatial pattern of the development scale of LED industry in Shanghai, and employs the sta- tistical methods such as the coefficient of variation, Atkinson index and the spatial auto-correlation analysis to analyze the dynamic differences of LED industry in 16 districts （excluding Chongming District） in Shanghai during the last 10 years from 2006 to 2015. And on the basis, the paper applies ArcGIS and DeoDa095i software to analyze the spatial agglomeration and spatial characteristics of LED industry in Shanghai, and obtains the forming mechanism and spatial evolution characteristics of spatial distribution pattern of LED industry, in Shanghai. The results show that： Shanghai LED industry scale presents a significant spatial agglomeration phenomenon, which has an obvious spatial dependence; After 2006, the layout of LED industry in Shanghai first appeared ＂high-low agglomeration＂ and ＂low-high concentration＂ trend tended to disperse, and after 2013, the trend of agglomeration has been strengthened. The agglomeration trend of spatial auto-correlation has become increasingly evident, shows a significant spatial heterogeneity and ＂L - L＂, ＂H - L＂, ＂L - H＂ are distributed around the ＂H - H＂ spatial correlation region, and the spatial differences of LED industry scale growth are gradually significant; LED in- dustry spatial agglomeration takes on a polar-decentralized distribution pattern of development in Shanghai. The main forming factors are the policy guidance of the government, the technical support of research institutes and universities and the horizontal synergy leading role of relevant industries.