宋育仁“封建论”中的“地方”与“天下”

“Local” and “Tianxia” in SONG Yu-ren's Feudalism

中国读书人具有超越地方的"天下"政治关怀,宋育仁在清末民国之际坚持的封建论是这一天下思维的具体呈现。在清末维新运动时期,宋育仁和蜀学会师生的封建论带有明显的"外向"性质,通过"自分"的构想去抵御西洋外患的冲击;民国建立之后,宋育仁的"天下"政治失去了根本的制度依托,从而回到封建的"内向"维度,以此表达对民国政体的批评,并通过倡议乡礼复古来构建一个家国一体的"天下"蓝图。

Chinese scholars＇ political concern is about the world, i.e. Tianxia, rather than lo- cal place. At the turn of late Qing dynasty to the Republic of China, SONG Yu-ren adhered to his feudal theory, which was a concrete presentation of Tianxia thinking. The feudalism of SONG Yu-ren and his students had a clear outward nature to resist the impact of foreign aggression when the Reform movement happened. But after the establishment of the Republic, SONG Yu- ren＇s Tianxia politics had lost its fundamental system. Thus he had to turn to criticize the Repub- lic political system with the reversed feudal theory, and tried to rebuild the world blueprint by advocating the rural ceremony.