福寿螺幼螺假死行为的诱导

Induction to Death-feigning in Juvenile Snail of Pomacea canaliculata

在实验室条件下观察食物、作用力的大小、水温以及光照强度对福寿螺幼螺假死发生率和假死持续时间的影响。结果表明:(1)假死发生率在不同食物之间有显著差异性,最高的为梨皮(60.91%)、最低的为甘蔗皮(8.68%);而假死持续时间亦有显著差异,最长的为茭白(49.35 s)、最低的为黄瓜皮(19.33 s)。(2)在2 N和4 N力处理下的这两组福寿螺没有发生假死,作用力为6~10 N内,假死发生率有随作用力增大而增大的趋势,假死持续时间有随作用力增大而越长的趋势。(3)不同水温间假死发生率没有显著性差异,但假死持续时间之间有显著差异性,低温(15℃和20℃)处理组的假死持续时间(分别为41.17 s和49.35 s)长,显著长于高温(25℃、30℃和35℃)处理组(分别为30.73 s、18.78 s和26.09 s)。(4)不同光照强度下(40~120 lx)假死发生率和假死持续时间均无显著性差异。可见,福寿螺幼螺假死行为可因食物、作用力和水温不同而异,实验范围内光强度影响甚微。这些结果有助于探明福寿螺(Pomacea canaliculate)幼螺假死诱导因子,为福寿螺综合治理提供参考。

Effects of different inducing factors on the frequency and the duration of playing death in juvenile snail ofPomacea canaliculata were observed under the laboratory condition. These results showed： （1） Difference in the frequency or the duration of feigned death was significant in all food treatments. The frequency in the peer peel treatment was the highest （60.91%）, while that in the sugarcane peel treatment was the lowest （8.68%）. The duration in the water bamboo treatment was the longest （49.35 s）, while that in the cucumber peel treatment was the lowest （19.33 s）. （2） There was no feigned death occurring in 2 and 4 N applied force treatments. The frequency increased and the duration extended with the applied force increasing from 6 to 10 N. （3） Among all treatments with different water temperature, the difference in the frequency was insignificant, while that in the duration was significant. The duration in low temperature treatments （41.17 and 49.35 s in 15 and 20℃, respectively） was longer than that in high temperature treatments （30.73, 18.78 and 26.09 s in 25, 30 and 35℃, respectively）. （4） There was no significant difference in the frequency and duration of feigned death under different light intensity （40- 120 Ix）. So, death-feigning in juvenile snail of Pomaceacanaliculata varied from food, applied force and water temperature. The experimental light intensity made slight impact on death-feigning. These results would help to understand what induced juvenile snail of Pomacea canalieulata to death-feigning and provide references for integrated management ofP canaliculata.