检察机关提起民事公益诉讼的现实困境与完善路径

The Problems and Solutions of the Institutionalization of the Procuratorial Organs Initiating Civil Public Interest Litigation

基于私权自治以及权力法定之法理,实践中,检察机关提起民事公益诉讼必将面临诸多法理诘难和现实难题,欠缺直接法律依据,且"公益"范围难定、"公益诉讼人"的角色定位和功能存疑,以及检察机关处分权界限问题等等。建立公益保障的长效机制,实现检察机关公益诉讼制度化,关键在于加强立法、确保重大改革于法有据;督促行政机关严格依法管理,实现行政权和检察权的有力对接;鼓励社会组织积极作为,培育社会内生力量;加强公益宣传和法治教育,培养公民维护公益的自觉性。

In the view of principles for the autonomy according to law, the procuratorial organ in civil public of private law and exercise procuratorial authority interest litigation will face many legal paradox and realistic problems in practice, for example, lack of direct legal basis, the range of public welfare is unclear, the role and function of public interest litigation partner is arguable, and the limits of prosecution right of disposition and so on. Based on this, realization of the procuratorial organs initiating public interest litigation institutionalization, the key is to strengthen legislation;secondly, to supervise and to urge administrative organs management strictly according to law;thirdly ,to encourage social organizations active in initiating civil Public interest litigation;finally, to strengthen public advocacy and legal education, cultivating citizen consciousness of protecting public interests.