美国公共服务外包的演进轨迹及其启示

The Evolution of American Public Service Outsourcing and Its Enlightenment

美国半个世纪的公共服务改革大体经历了主要依赖政府——积极拥护市场——平衡政府与市场的"螺旋式"嬗变,总体呈现出理性看待公共服务外包、注重公共服务外包质量、积极承担担保责任等特征。对尚处于公共服务外包探索期的我国,明确公共服务外包的目标、厘定公共服务外包的边界,培育有竞争力的承包者,履行"后外包时代"的担保责任是应汲取的经验、采取的举措。

During a half century, the United States＇ public service reform has undergone a ＂ spiral＂ transmutation from depending on the government majorly to supporting the market actively and to balancing the government and the market. The overall process shows a feature of taking public service outsourcing rationally, paying attention to the quality of public service outsourcing and taking guarantee responsibility actively. For our country is still in the period of exploration of public service outsourcing,it is necessary to clarify the goal of public service outsourcing, determine the boundary of public service outsoureing,foster competitive contractors and fulfill the ＂post-outsourcing era＂ guarantee responsibility.