部分请求视角下诉讼标的理论之审思——从侵权损害赔偿案件中部分请求问题切入

Reflection on the Theory of the Object of Litigation under the Perspective of Partial Request——From the Part of the Request for Infringement Damages

侵权损害赔偿案件中部分请求问题与诉讼标的理论紧密关联。与主流的旧实体法说相较,以原因事实与诉之声明为指针的二分肢说,作为识别这类案件诉讼标的的较优选择,在理论建构上能合理整合既判力根据理论,有效解释现有理论框架并贯彻程序保障下自我责任的目的论追求,且在司法实践中有利减轻当事人的起诉负担,缓解法院的阐明责任,预防突袭裁判。

In the case of tort damages, the problem of partial claim is closely related to the theory of object of action. Compared with the substantive law theory, the statement of fact and appeal for reasons of two branch theory, as the better choice of object of action, can not only integrate collateral estoppel theory, effectively interpret the existing theoretical framework, and implement procedural safeguards, but also reduce the burden of prosecution of the parties, relieve the courts＇ responsibility to clarify, and prevent the attack of the referees.