长江上游铜鱼产卵流速特性分析

Flow Velocity Characteristic Analysis for Coreius Heterodon Spawning in Upper Reaches of Changjiang River

长江上游是国家级珍稀特有鱼类保护区,上游水电工程的运行改变了保护区江段的水文情势,对鱼类产卵行为造成了一定影响。以铜鱼产卵场典型断面为基础,分析流量、水位和流速等指标的变化特性及其与铜鱼产卵规模的相关性认为,铜鱼产卵需要流速上涨刺激,对流速上涨的速率、波动次数、波动幅度等暂无明确要求,每年1月~7月流速最大差值是铜鱼产卵规模的指示性指标,与铜鱼产卵规模正相关。保护区流速受上、下游水库联合调度影响,只有同时采取生态调度,才能更好地满足保护区河道的生态保护要求。

The upper reaches of Changjiang River are national rare and endemic fish preserve area. With the operation of hydropower projects at upstream of preserve area, the hydrological situation in preserve area is changed, and it has influenced the spawning behavior of fish. Based on the typical cross section of spawning field of Coreius Heterodon, fhe correlation between the variation characteristics of discharge, water level and flow velocity and the spawning number are ana｜yzed. It is concluded that the flow velocity increasing is good for Coreius Heterodon spawning, but there is no dear correlation with the rate of velocity increasing and the number and magnitude of fluctuations. The maximum velocity difference in January to July is the most direct indicator to Coreius Heterodon spawning number, which is positively correlated with the number of spawning. The flow velocity in preserve area is affected by the joint operation of upstream and downstream reservoirs, therefore, the adoption of ecological operation method for upstream and downstream reservoirs at the same time is better for Coreius Heterodon protection in preserve area. x