从社会语言学视角看民族性格在英日德语词汇中的体现

Embodiment of National Characters in English,Japanese and German Lexicon——An Exploration from the Perspective of Sociolinguistics

语言是文化的体现,文化对语言的形成发展有着极其重要的影响,而民族性格是文化的一种体现。社会语言学强调语言的社会功能、文化差异、地域差异对语言交际所产生的影响,突出语言和语境关系的研究。一个民族的语言特征,可以折射出这个民族的民族性格。本文将通过描写英日德语特色词汇,尝试对三国民族性格进行分析和探讨,讨论民族性格对英日德语词汇的影响以期验证社会语言学理论对这一词汇现象的解释力。

Language is an embodiment of culture while culture has an extremely important influence on the formation and development of the language and national character is just one of the cultural factors. Sociolinguistics emphasizes the social functions of language, cultural differences and regional differences on the impact of language communication as well as the relatedness between language and context. The language characteristics of a nation can reflect the national characters of the nation. This paper tries to analyze and discuss the national characters of the British, Japanese and German people and describes the influences of the characters on the lexicon of English, Japanese and German so as to verify the explanatory power of sociolinguistic theory on this phenomenon.