《墨经》的空间观念

The Concept of Space in Mohist Canon

《墨经》一书记载了先秦墨家关于哲学、数学、光学、力学甚至文学学、社会学等多方面的观点,其中也蕴藏着墨子及其后学关于空间的独特理念。该书记载,"宇"就"弥异所",又是以"家"为中心的东、西、南、北四方位的集合体;"长宇"久,"久"却又是"有穷""无穷"的统一体;而且,"长宇"处于无尽的"徙""进"之中,却又有"处"而"无近"。也就是说,在讲求思辩的墨家学者看来,空间是无限性与有限性、历时性与共时性、运动性与静止性的统一体。这种思辩性强、超前意识鲜明的空间观,蕴含了中华先民的空间智慧,至今仍具有较强的现实意义。

The Mohist Canon recorded the pre-Qin mohist views about philosophy, mathematics, optics, mechanics, literature, sociology and so on, which also include Mozi and his pupils＇ ideas about space. In the eyes of the Mohists who paid attention to speculation, space is a combination of finiteness and infiniteness, synchronicity and diachronicity, motion and motionlessness. This strong speculative, advanced consciousness in space view contains the space wisdom of the ancient Chinese and still has great significance.