中国脊髓灰质炎网络实验室人员免疫意愿调查研究

Survey on the willingness of receiving polio vaccine among workers in polio network laboratories

目的调查中国大陆脊髓灰质炎网络实验室人员接种脊髓灰质炎疫苗免疫意愿,并进行相关分析,为制定脊髓灰质炎网络实验室人员免疫策略提供参考。方法 2016年10~12月选取全国32个省级疾病预防控制中心脊髓灰质炎网络实验室的全部人员为调查对象,采用问卷调查的方式,收集该人群接种脊髓灰质炎疫苗意愿与原因数据。结果本次参与调查人数为77人,愿意接种疫苗共有75人(97.40%);选择接种脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗(inactivated poliovirus vaccine,IPV)50人(66.67%),选择接种脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗(oral polio vaccine,OPV)25人(33.33%);愿意在脊髓灰质炎病毒中和抗体水平低和入职前时间接种人数居多;对疫苗接种有顾虑的13人中,11人(84.62%)担心疫苗引起的不良反应。以年龄、职称、学历、性别、工作时间为影响因素对免疫意愿进行分析显示,年龄差异有统计学意义(χ~2=1.78,P<0.05)。除2人在明确知道脊髓灰质炎中和抗体水平较高情况下不愿意接种外,其他人员均表示愿意接种脊髓灰质炎疫苗。结论接种脊髓灰质炎疫苗种类以灭活疫苗为优先选择,宜在脊髓灰质炎病毒中和抗体水平较低和入职前接种。我国脊髓灰质炎网络实验室人员脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗免疫意愿较高,具备了提出和制定相应免疫策略的良好工作基础。

Objective To understand the willingness of receiving polio vaccine among workers in polio network laboratories in China mainland,and to provide evidence for immune strategy. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among workers randomly selected from polio network laboratories of 32 provincial Centers of Disease Control and Prevention from October to December,2016. Results A total of 77 workers participated in the survey.75（97.40%）showed their willingness for polio vaccination,50 workers（66.67%）preferred of having inactivated polio vaccination（IPV）and 25（33.33%）for attenuated polio vaccine（OPV）.Majority would like to be vaccinated before they started their job or when the polio antibody level was low.13 participants showed their concerns about the vaccine;mainly due to the adverse events（84.62%）.Age was closely related to the willingness（χ~2=1.78,P0.05）,while job tile,education,gender and working period were not. Conclusions Majority of lab workers in polio network laboratories in China mainland are willing to receive polio vaccine and IPV is the preferred one.Polio vaccine should be given when the antibody is at it′s low level or right before workers start their lab work.