天然乳胶纳米银枕芯在头面颈部烧伤创面的应用研究

Effect of usage of natural latex and nano-silver pillow on skin infection of patients with head and neck burns

目的探讨天然乳胶纳米银枕芯应用于头面颈部烧伤患者的效果。方法分析2012年9月至2016年2月,宁波市第二医院收治的头面颈烧伤患者60例,随机分为试验组(32例)与对照组(28例)。对照组使用普通枕芯,试验组使用天然乳胶纳米银枕芯。两组患者于入院后5、10、15d进行枕芯微生物检测和创面微生物检测,观察比较创面干痂时间和愈合时间。结果入院15d后,对照组枕芯菌群超标12例(42.86%),试验组枕芯菌群超标6例(18.75%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.133,P=0.042)。入院15d后,对照组创面培养阳性23例(82.14%),试验组创面培养阳性18例(56.25%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.627,P=0.031)。试验组创面干痂时间(128.5±28.6)h,短于对照组(146.4±35.7)h,差异有统计学意义(t=2.217,P=0.038)。试验组愈合时间(22.4±4.1)d,对照组愈合时间(24.1±5.4)d,两组比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.682,P=0.483)。结论天然乳胶纳米银枕芯能够降低头面颈部烧伤患者的感染风险,缩短创面干痂时间,值得在烧伤临床护理工作中进一步推广应用。

Objective To explore the effect of usage of natural latex and nano-silver pillow on skin infection of patients with head and neck burns. Methods 60 patients with head and neck burns meeting the study criteria hospitalized from September to February,2016 were included and randomly divided into two groups.32 patients were given natural latex and nano-silver pillows and 28 were given regular pillows as controls.Both pillow micro-organisms and wound micro-organisms were determined on 5 days,10 days and 15 days of hospital stay in the two groups.The dry scab time and healing time of wounds were observed. Results On the 15 days of hospital admission,more patients in control group had excessive levels of bacteria in pillows（42.86%vs.18.75%,χ~2=4.133,P=0.042）,meanwhile,the culture positive rate of bacteria was significantly higher among patients using regular pillows compared with those using natural latex and nano-silver pillows（82.14%vs.56.25%,χ~2=4.627,P=0.031）.The dry scab time of wounds of patients who used natural latex and nano-silver pillows was shorter than that of controls（128.5±28.6 vs.146.4±35.7 hours,t=2.217,P=0.038）,while there was no difference of healing time（22.4±4.1 vs.24.1±5.4days,t=0.682,P=0.483）. Conclusions The use of natural latex and nano-silver pillows for patients with head and neck burns may reduce the risk of infection of wounds and shorten the dry scab time,which is worth of further application in clinical nursing for burn patients.