全球价值链衍化与价值链导向的政策选择——兼论两岸产业的应对策略

Evolution of Global Value Chains and Policies Selection Based on Value Chains——Discussion of Industrial Countermeasures between the Chinese Mainland and Taiwan

新世纪以来,全球产业格局发生了深刻的变化,寻求两岸基于全球价值链导向的产业战略转型路径现实而紧迫。本文首先介绍了全球价值链产生的背景和原因,继而探析了全球产业链衍化新格局的三大特征,也即产业零散化分工的继续深化,全球离岸外包组织网络的逐步成熟;南南贸易蓬勃发展,终端产品市场向发展中国家转移;第四次全球性产业转移悄然启动。基于分析,笔者进而提出基于全球价值链导向的三方面产业政策以供两岸政策制定者选择,包括依托跨国企业融入全球价值链、引导企业通过全球采购实现供应商全球化、全球价值链的细分专攻。最后,论述了两岸在全球产业链重构中的机遇、挑战以及应对之策。

Since the new century, global industrial structure has changed greatly. It＇s urgent to seek industry strategic transformation path based on global value chains of Chinese Mainland and Taiwan. First, this thesis introduced the background and reasons of global value chains. Then we analyzed three features of derived global industrial chains, which were the deepening fragmentation of division of labor and increasingly mature organization network of global offshore outsourcing; the flourished South-South trade and the shift of end products market to developing countries; the start of the fourth global industrial transformation. Furthermore, we proposed three industrial policies based on global value chains for policy makers to choose, including integrating into global value chains by relying on multinational, guiding enterprises to realize suppliers globalization through global sourcing and specializing in global value chains. Finally, we discussed the opportunities, challenges and countermeasures in the reconstruction of global value chains for China's Mainland and Taiwan.