新疆北屯地区土地荒漠化及盐渍化遥感解译及分析

Remote sensing interpretation and analysis of land desertification and salinization in Xinjiang Beitun area

新疆是中国荒漠化面积最大、分布最广的省区之一。荒漠化和土地盐渍化是新疆突出的生态环境问题。采用1994年和2012年TM数据为遥感信息源对新疆北屯地区荒漠化、盐渍化进行解译,并对北屯地区荒漠化及盐渍化动态变化进行分析。结果表明:从1994到2012年,研究区土质荒漠化的面积减少173.94 km^2,砂质荒漠化、砾质荒漠化的面积变化不大;研究区轻度盐渍化、中度盐渍化和重度盐渍化面积分别增加71.28 km^2、4.10km^2和7.63 km^2,盐渍化程度呈现轻微扩展趋势。

Xinjiang is one of the largest and most widely distributed provinces in China. Desertification and land salinization are prominent ecological and environmental problems in Xinjiang. The desertification and salinization of Beitun area in Xinjiang were interpreted by using TM data from 1994 and 2012,and the dynamic changes of desertification and salinization in Beitun area were analyzed. The results showed that the area of soil desertification decreased by 173. 94 km^2 from 1994 to2012. The area of sandy desertification and gravel desertification changed little. The mild salinization,moderate salinization and severe salinization The area increased by 71. 28 km^2,6. 4 km^2 and 7. 63 km^2 respectively,and the degree of salinization showed a slight expansion trend.