南方水稻机插秧技术的最新研究进展与发展建议

Latest Research on Machine-Transplanted Rice in Southern China

概述了我国南方水稻机插秧技术的发展现状,从生长发育特点、高产源库特征、壮秧培育、基本苗调节以及氮肥运筹等方面综述了最新研究进展.建议充分认识水稻机插秧技术的重要性和紧迫性,在水稻主产区重点示范推广以钵苗摆栽、毯苗机插为核心的机插秧技术.结合南方特别是西部水稻多元化种植区的生产实际,开展机插水稻对气候变化的响应机制及技术途径、籼型及籼粳型杂交稻在机插条件下的养分高效利用技术、基于传统宽窄行栽培技术、三角形强化栽培技术以及中稻-再生稻栽培技术参数的插秧机装备研制以及稻田复种轮作特别是全程机械化生产条件下的土壤保育、病虫草害生态工程防控技术.

The development present situation of machine-transplanted rice in china has been summarized,the latest progress reviewed on high-yielding cultivation of machine-transplanted rice in Southern China,such as the characteristics of growth and development,the source-sink characteristics of high-yielding,seedlings cultivation,the adjustment of basic seedlings and nitrogen management.It is suggested that we should fully realize the importance and urgency of machine-transplanted rice,focus on demonstrating mechanically transplanted pot seedlings,carpet seedlings machine plugging in the rice main production region.Combined actual production in southern China,special in the west of China,we should do the following innovative research.First is mechanism of machine-transplanted rice in response to climate change and technical approach;second is the nutrient efficiency technology of machine-transplanted rice,Specially Indica and japonica rice;third is research and development of transplanting machine equipment,which based on the wide-narrow row cultivation technique of rice,triangle-planted system of rice intensification and ratoon rice cultivation technique parameters.At last is the ecological engineering of soil conservation,pest prevention and control technology under paddy field cropping rotation,especially under conditions of mechanization production.