天然有机物光化学反应的研究进展

Advances in Research of Photochemical Reactions of Natural Organic Matter

水体中的天然有机物易受光辐射驱动发生光化学反应,如光降解、光溶解、光漂白和光矿化等,产生具有环境和生物学意义的光降解产物。这些光化学行为不仅促进生命元素的生物地球化学循环和重金属、有机污染物的迁移转化,还多方面改变水体生态系统的结构和功能。针对该情况,综述了目前天然有机物光化学反应的相关研究进展,包括基本概念、反应机制和研究方法,并探讨光化学反应的生态环境意义。然而由于试验条件和研究对象的单一,以往的研究不能全面真实地反映光化学反应这个复杂的过程,因此可从有机物的光照生态模型建立和天然有机物-多种污染物结合作用的光照响应研究2方面入手,深入研究天然有机物的光化学反应机制和环境效应。

Natural organic matter is susceptible to light-induced photochemical reactions, such as photodegradation,photodissolution, photobleaching and photomineralization, which induce the breakdown of large molecules and pro-vide a substantial pool of photoproducts of environmental and biological significance. These photochemical behaviorsnot only enhance the biogeochemical cycles of bioelements and the migration of heavy metals and organic pollutants,but also change the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems. In this paper, the research progress published todate on photochemical reactions of natural organic matter in water was reviewed, including the basic concepts, re-action mechanisms and updated research techniques. It also made an exposition of ecological and environmental sig-nificance of the photochemical reactions. However, the previous researches could not represent complex photochem-ical reactions comprehensively and veritably because of the single experimental condition and research object, so itwas suggested to model ecological process and study the response of interactions between dissolved organic matter and multiple contaminants under light irradiation, contributing to make the photochemistry research more thoroughand systemic.