预警环境保证金制度在环境风险管理中的适用研究

The Application of Precautionary Environmental Deposit:Refund Bonding System in Environment Uncertainty Management

在环境不确定性管理模式中,潜在的环境损害者不仅需支付已知的损害成本,而且需为不确定的损害负责,此即预警环境保证金制度。通过交易成本及最小安全标准的理念界定预警环境保证金的适用范围,探讨这一制度的基本内涵及其适用中应注意的问题,以期为环境不确定管理的理性实现提供支持。

Environment uncertainty management consists of system logic related with cost-benefit principle,precautionary principle and polluter paying principle. When such system logic is applied to the practice of China's environmental management,it may lead to the new mindset of environmental risk management of precautionary polluter paying principle.The potential environmental polluters not only have to pay for the known damage cost but also have to be responsible for the uncertain damage, namely,precautionary environmental deposit-refund bonding system. Based on transaction cost and minimum safety standard idea,the paper defines the application scope of precautionary environmental deposit-refund system and explores its basic connotation and the issues concerned to provide rational support for environment uncertainty management.