指纹微观细节特征在指纹鉴定中的应用条件探究

Study on the Micro-detail Characteristics of Fingerprints

目的指纹微观细节特征的反映性和稳定性极易受到影响。为了探究微观细节特征稳定性的条件,对制作的120份潜指印样本进行了研究。方法分别在光滑玻璃、光滑油漆木和光滑塑料三种非渗透性客体上制作出潜指印实验样本,然后利用两种种类不同的磁性粉刷显,并在分辨率为1 200 dpi的条件下扫描观察,找出在不同承受客体、不同种类磁性粉以及不同作用方式三个因素影响下指纹微观细节特征的变化情况。结果承受客体、磁性粉种类和粒径大小、作用方式对指纹微观细节特征的稳定性都存在不同程度的影响。结论指纹微观细节特征具有相对稳定性,可用于指纹鉴定工作,但会受到诸多限制。

Objective The reflection and stability of micro-detail characteristics of fingerprints is vulnerable to a variety of factors. This study was carried out to explore the conditions when the micro-detail characteristics of fingerprints are stable. Method 120 pieces of latent fingerprints samples were prepared on smooth and non-permeable objects including glass, paint wood and plastic. Two types of magnetic powder brushes were used to develop the latent fingerprints. The developed fingerprints were then scanned with a resolution of 1 200 dpi to find out the changes of micro-details of fingerprints under the influence of different objects, magnetic powders and manners of action. Results Different objects, magnetic powders and manners of action affected the micro-detail characteristics of fingerprints in varying degrees. Conclusion Micro-detail characteristics of fingerprints are relatively stable. They can be used in fingerprint identification, but will be subject to many restrictions.