社会保障影响老年人居住偏好实现的实证检验

An Empirical Test on the Impact of Social Security on the Elderly's Living Preference

居住模式能否促进老年人主观福利的提升,关键在于老年人的居住选择偏好能否得到满足。将老年人的居住偏好是否实现作为因变量,将医疗保险和养老保险作为自变量,通过广义多层线性模型(GHLM)研究社会保障能否促进老年人居住偏好的实现。研究发现,仅仅32%左右的老年人居住偏好得以实现,且社会保障对老年人居住意愿实现的促进作用不明显。这与社会保障的覆盖面低、保障力度不够有关。建议政府在完善社会保障体系的同时,通过将遗产税、所得税等与居住模式挂钩,帮助老年人实现居住偏好,以增进老年人主观福利。

Whether the living mode can promote the ascension of the elderly subjective well--being, the key lies in whether the elderly living preference can be satisfied. This article made the elderly living preferences implemented as the dependent variable, the medical insurance and endowment insurance as the independent variables, by the generalized multi--layer linear model （GHLM） to study whether the social security can promote the realization of the elderly living preferences. The study found that only about 32~ of the elderly living preferences could realized and the social security effect for elderly people to realize the promoting effect is not obvious. This paper argues that with the low coverage and weakness of social security, so government should perfect the social security system , at the same time, by living with the inheritance tax, income tax and other patterns, help the elderly realize living preferences, so as to improve the elderly subjective well--being.