基于在线模型的飞控系统传感器的故障诊断

Fault Diagnosis of Sensors of Flight Control System Based on Analytical Model

传感器是测量无人机姿态信息的核心,传感器为无人机的飞行提供安全、可靠、全面的数据信息。飞机的安全很大程度上取决于传感器是否故障。故障诊断技术的研究,有利于提高飞行器的运行安全可靠性。首先,对无人机机载传感器的工作原理进行分析,在此基础上建立无人机执行机构的解析模型。以模型为依据,对无人机的传感器进行特性仿真。其次,利用了一种基于残差的阈值-改进SPRT联合诊断算法,从残差中提取故障特征,对传感器的工作状态做出检测和判断。最后,建立了传感器故障常见的数学模型,亦对传感器故障特性进行仿真验证。结果表明,这种方案能有效提高传感器故障的诊断精度,故障诊断算法有效。

Being the core for attitude information measurement, the sensors onboard UAV can supply safe, reliable and comprehensive information, and their working status directly affects the safety of the plane. By means of fault diagnosis technology, we can realize early detection of faults, thus to avoid malignant accidents and enhance the operation safety and reliability of aircraft. In this paper, analysis is made to the working principle of the sensors onboard the UAV, and an analytical model of the execution mechanism of the UAV is established. Based on the model, the characteristics of the sensors are simulated. Then, a fault diagnosis algorithm, threshold-improved SPRT united ALG based on residual errors, is used for extracting the fault features from residual errors, thus to detect and determine the working status of sensors. Finally, a common mathematical model of actuator＇s fault is established, and the fault characteristics of the sensor are simulated. The result shows that this scheme can effectively improve the accuracy of sensor fault diagnosis, and the fault diagnosis algorithm is effective.