云南省中老年HIV/AIDS病人社会支持现状分析

Analysis on social support among middle aged and elderly people living with HIV/AIDS in Yunnan

目的探讨云南省50岁及以上艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称HIV/AIDS病人)社会支持现状及其影响因素。方法通过整群抽样方法抽取云南省部分地区50岁及以上HIV/AIDS病人201例,使用社会支持评定量表对HIV/AIDS病人的社会支持现状进行评定,采用Spearman等级相关和多元线性回归分析方法进行分析。结果社会支持各领域评分及总评分均低于国内一般人群常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),社会支持总分为(32.86±9.13)分,与性别(r=0.195,P<0.01)、年龄(r=0.141,P<0.05)、民族(r=0.156,P<0.05)、文化程度(r=0.142,P<0.05)、婚姻状况(r=0.279,P<0.01)、收入(r=0.447,P<0.01)、居住方式(r=0.274,P<0.01)、感染时间(r=0.257,P<0.01)、疾病分类因素(r=0.178,P<0.05)、低保(r=0.255,P<0.01)相关,其中与婚姻状况和收入的相关性较大。多因素结果分析显示,影响因素为性别(t=2.308,P<0.05)、婚姻状况(t=2.909,P<0.01)、疾病分类(t=2.645,P<0.01)、感染时间(t=3.517,P<0.01)、居住方式(t=4.005,P<0.01)和收入(t=5.879,P<0.01)。结论云南省50岁及以上HIV/AIDS病人社会支持较低,性别、婚姻状况、疾病分类、感染时间、居住方式和收入等是社会支持的影响因素。

Objective To examine different dimensions of social support and their influencing factors among middle aged and elderly people living with HIV/AIDS （PWLH） in Yunnan. Methods Cluster sampling method was used. The Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS） was utilized to measure social support of 201 PWLH. Spearman＇ s rank correlation and multivariate stepwise linear regression models were performed. Results The scores of all domains and overall social support were significantly lower than general population of national norm （P 〈 0. 01 ）. The total score of social support was （32. 86 ＋9.13）, it was related with sex （r=0.195, P〈0.01）, age （r=0.141, P〈0.05）, national （r=0.156, P〈 0.05）, culture （r=0.142, P〈0.05）, marriage （r=0.279, P〈0.01）, income （r=0.447, P〈0.01）, living ways （r = 0. 274, P 〈 0. 01 ）, infection period （ r = O. 257, P 〈 0. 01 ）, diseases classification （ r = 0. 178, P 〈 0. 05 ） , poor （r = 0. 255, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Marriage and income also had larger influence. Results of multivariate linear regression indicated that the influencing factors were sex （t = 2. 308, P 〈 0. 05）, marriage （t = 2. 909, P 〈 0. 01 ）, diseases classification （ t = 2. 645, P 〈 0.01 ）, infection period （ t = 3. 517, P 〈 0.01 ）, living ways （ t = 4. 005, P 〈 0. 01 ） and income （t = 5. 879, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion Social support of those PWLH in Yunnan was lower. Sex, marriage, diseases classi- fication, infection period, living ways and income are the influencing factors of their social support.