贵州省贫困山区6～23月龄婴幼儿喂养现状分析

Analysis on feeding status among infants aged 6-23 months old in poor mountain areas of Guizhou Province

目的分析贵州省贫困山区6~23月龄婴幼儿喂养现状,为科学实施营养干预提供依据。方法采用二阶段分层随机抽样的方法,在贵州省贫困山区随机抽取1643名6~23月龄的婴幼儿及其看护人作为调查对象,对调查对象采用面对面访谈式的方法调查婴幼儿及家庭一般情况、辅食添加等情况,并对收集的数据进行描述性统计学分析。结果接受调查的1643名婴幼儿中,过去24 h母乳喂养率仅40.11%,其中18~23月龄组为24.72%,不同月龄组婴幼儿过去24 h母乳喂养率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);6月龄前已经添加辅食的婴幼儿1630名,占99.19%;奶制品、营养素补充剂等添加比例低,过去24 h婴幼儿固体、半固体辅食添加频率均数为(2.81±0.93)次,各月龄组婴幼儿辅食添加频率主要为2~3次。结论目前贵州省6县婴幼儿在过去24 h母乳喂养率、首次辅食添加时间、辅食添加种类及频率等方面都存在一定的问题。

Objective To understand current feeding status among infants aged 6 - 23 months old in poor mountain areas of Guizhou Province, and provide basis for scientific evaluation on infant feeding and implementation of nutritional intervention. Methods By using simple random sampling method, 1643 infants aged 6 -23 months old and their caregivers were randomly selected from poor mountainous areas of Guizhou Province as the objects of investigation. Infants and their families general information and complimentary food had been interviewed by questionnaire, and then the collected data were analyzed statistically. Results Among the 1643 infants who enrolled in the survey, the breasffeeding rate in the past 24 hours was only 40. 11%, the rate in infants aged 18 -23months were 24. 72%, and there was significant difference among the rates of breastfeeding in different caregivers in the past 24 hours （P 〈 0.01 ）. 1630 infants had been introduced complemen- tary foods before the age of 6 months, accounted for 99. 19%. There was low proportion of complementary food introduction included milk products, nutritional supplements. The mean times of infant solid, semi solid foods introduction frequency in past 24 hours was （2. 81 ± 0. 93） times, introduction frequency in all age groups was 2 to 3 times. Conclusion There were some problems in breastfeeding rate in the past 24 hours, first time of complementary food introduction and complementary food frequency of infants in 6 counties of Guizhou Province at present.