结核病防治核心信息预试验结果分析

Analysis on the pre-test results of core information for the tuberculosis control and prevention

目的通过定性小组访谈,在北京市昌平区进行结核病防治核心信息预试验,为完善核心信息及知识要点提供依据。方法选取城镇、农村居民、初中学生共51人,采用访谈提纲及定性小组访谈形式,对该核心信息的重要性、可理解程度、核心信息的修改建议等开展访谈。结果 82%的被访者认为结核病防治核心信息和知识要点的宣传非常重要。对于肺结核是通过呼吸道传染、防止传染和规范治疗可以治愈这些核心信息,84%(43/51)的被访者认为非常重要。对肺结核的可疑症状是咳嗽、咳痰2周以上这一核心信息,12%(6/51)被访对象表示会觉得和感冒、肺炎差不多。中小学生、老年人、文化程度不高的人群,均表示难以在理解如"慢性"、"耐多药"、"飞沫"等专业名词。结论受访对象对5条核心信息和相关的知识要点基本认可,认为基本适合大众的阅读和理解水平。

Objective To understand the comprehension and awareness levels of core information and knowledge points for tuberculosis control and prevention, and provide evidence for future improvement of core information and knowl- edge points. Methods Through qualitative group interviews in Changping District of Beijing, the interview focused on the importance, comprehension and suggestions included recommendations for the core information were carried out by using outlines and qualitative group interviews among target groups. Totally 51 people including town ＆ rural residents and junior middle school students were interviewed by the pre-test. Results 82% of respondents believed that the publicity core informa- tion and knowledge points were very important. For the core information like ＂Tuberculosis was a major infectious disease＂, ＂Tuberculosis infection was transmitted through the respiratory tract＂, ＂prevention method of infection＂ and ＂regular treatment could cure Tuberculosis＂, 84% （43/51） of the respondents thought these information very important. Yet for the core message ＂Suspicious symptoms of tuberculosis is cough, sputum for more than two weeks＂, 12% （6/51） of the respondents found it＇ s almost same with cold and pneumonia. It＇ s very difficult for the groups of junior middle school students, the elderly and less educated people to understand the professional terms, such as ＂chronic＂, ＂multi drug resistance＂ and ＂droplet＂ and others. Conclusion Respondents agreed that the 5 core information and related knowledge points for tuberculosis control and prevention were adapt to the public reading and comprehension level.