弗雷·奥托形态生成方法及其拓展应用

Study on Frei Otto's method of form generation and its extended application

物理现实中找形实验方法是弗雷·奥托建筑作品形态生成的基本方法,在数字建筑设计领域得到广泛的拓展应用。弗雷·奥托的形态生成方法及其拓展应用的研究不仅能够发现建筑形态生成设计方法由物理现实转变到虚拟现实过程中的问题,而且还是解决这些问题的前提和基础。文章阐述了弗雷·奥托的找形实验方法中悬挂与反转实验、最小曲面实验和最优化路径实验等3种基本类型,分析了其建筑作品的形态生成方法,阐明了其在数字建筑设计领域的数据化、可视化、拓扑化等方面的拓展应用,提出了在数字建筑设计中,基于物理现实的找形实验方法是形态生成的逻辑过程与形式结果之间表达和转化的重要基础,由此可以确保设计过程中形态生成与环境条件之间形成的交流与反馈,优化建筑空间性能。

The shape finding experiment in physical reality is the basic method of the form generation of Frey Otto＇s works, and has been widely used in the field of digital architectural design. It is not only helpful to find the problems in the process of the transformation from physical reality to virtual reality to analyze Frey Otto＇s methods of architectural form generation and its extended application, but the foundation and premise to solve them. This paper expounds the three basic types of Frey Otto＇s form finding experiment, such as the suspension and inversion, the minimizing curved surface and the optimizing path, analyzes the method of the form generation of his architectural works, illustrates its extended application in the field of digital architectural design. Finally, it is explicited that the shape finding experiment is the logical basis of the representation and transformation between the process and the result of the form generation in the digital architectural design. When the digital architectural design takes the form finding experiment in physical reality as the basis of the operation, which can ensure the communication and feedback between form generation and environmental conditions in the process of design and optimize the performance of the building space.