储粮通风模型的构建及其应用分析

Construction and application analysis of ventilation model for grain storage

温度和水分是小麦安全储存过程中2个非常重要的影响因素,对粮堆通风过程进行模拟仿真可以实现粮堆通风过程中粮温和水分含量的有效监控,确保储粮安全。文章基于多孔介质的传热传质理论,建立了粮堆内的通风模型,运用Fortran编程对储粮通风时粮堆内部热湿耦合传递过程及温度和水分变化规律进行了数值求解,并在昌乐县鲁中粮库通风期间进行了6 d的通风实验测试,将模拟结果与实测数据进行对比。结果表明:模型预测的温度、水分含量与其相应的实测数值的变化趋势相吻合,粮堆的水分含量最大相差0.93%,温度差值最大为2.1℃,偏差在可接受范围内;相同的工况下,采用建立的通风模型,Fortran编程模拟时间仅为0.256 s,耗时短,模型操作方便;通过程序调整物理参数,该模型也可以应用于其他具有复杂生物特性的物质储存中,有利于物质的安全储存,减少储存中的损耗。

The temperature and moisture content of wheat in the safe storage process is two very important factors, and the simulation of the grain filling process can realize the real-time and effective monitoring of the grain moisture content in the process of grain storage ventilation, and ensure the safety of grain storage. The paper, based on the heat and mass transfer in the porous medium theory, established the model of grain interior ventilation, and by using Fortran programming to numerical simulation the internal heat coupled moisture transfer process and the variation of temperature and water of ventilation in the grain silo, made a test in Changle County of Shandong Province during grain storage ventilation for 6 days. Through the comparison of simulation results and measured data, the results show： the change trend of temperature and moisture content is consistent with the measured value of model prediction, the maximum difference of moisture content of grain is 0. 93% , the maximum temperature difference is 2. 1 ℃, deviations are within acceptable limits; in the same condition, the ventilation model, Fortran programming simulation time is only 0. 256 s, the model with short time, convenient operation; through the process of adjusting the physical parameters, the model can also be applied to other complex biological characteristics of the material storage, and it is beneficial to create a safety storage environment and reduce the loss in storage.